接受/返回 XML/JSON 请求和响应 - Spring MVC

我需要编写一个 rest 服务，它接受 XML/JSON 作为输入（POST 方法）和 XML/JSON 作为输出（基于输入格式）。我尝试了以下方法来实现这一目标，但没有帮助。终结点方法同时接受 XML/JSON，但在响应时，它始终根据 @RequestMapping -produces 中指定的顺序提供 JSON 或 XML。任何帮助将不胜感激。

我的终结点方法：

@RequestMapping(value = "/getxmljson", method = RequestMethod.POST,produces={"application/json","application/xml"},
        consumes={"application/json", "application/xml"})
public @ResponseBody Student processXMLJsonRequest(@RequestBody Student student)
        throws Exception {
    System.out.println("*************Inside Controller");
    return student;
}

POJO班：学生.java

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.ArrayList;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonPropertyOrder;

@XmlRootElement(name = "student")
@XmlType(propOrder = {"id", "name", "graduationTime", "courses"})
@JsonPropertyOrder({"id", "name", "graduationTime", "courses"})
public class Student implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String graduationTime;
    private ArrayList<Course> courses = new ArrayList<Course>();

    @XmlElement
    public int getId() { return id; }
    @XmlElement
    public String getName() { return name; }
    @XmlElement
    public String getGraduationTime() { return graduationTime; }
    @XmlElement
    public ArrayList<Course> getCourses() { return courses; }

    public void setId(int value) { this.id = value; }
    public void setName(String value) { this.name = value; }
    public void setGraduationTime(String value) { this.graduationTime = value; }
    public void setCourses(ArrayList<Course> value) { this.courses = value; }

    @JsonIgnore
    public String toString() {
        return this.name + " - "
                + graduationTime == null? "Unknown" : graduationTime.toString();
    }

    public Student() {}
    public Student(int id, String name, String graduationTime) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.graduationTime = graduationTime;
    }
}

POJO类：课程.java

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonPropertyOrder;

@XmlRootElement(name = "course")
@XmlType(propOrder = {"courseName", "score"})
@JsonPropertyOrder({"courseName", "score"})
public class Course implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private String courseName;
    private Integer score;

    public @XmlElement String getCourseName() { return courseName; }
    public @XmlElement Integer getScore() { return score; }

    public void setCourseName(String value) { courseName = value; }
    public void setScore(Integer value) { score = value; }

    public Course() {}
    public Course(String courseName, Integer score) {
        this.courseName = courseName;
        this.score = score;
    }
}

弹簧配置.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:sws="http://www.springframework.org/schema/web-services"
    xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:oxm="http://www.springframework.org/schema/oxm"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/web-services
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/web-services/web-services-2.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-4.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/oxm http://www.springframework.org/schema/oxm/spring-oxm-4.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-2.5.xsd">

    <!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing 
        infrastructure -->

    <!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model -->
    <annotation-driven />

    <!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving 
        up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory -->
    <resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

    <!-- Configure to plugin JSON as request and response in method handler -->
    <beans:bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
        <beans:property name="messageConverters">
            <beans:list>
                <beans:ref bean="jsonMessageConverter" />
                <beans:ref bean="xmlMessageConverter" />
            </beans:list>
        </beans:property>
    </beans:bean>

    <!-- Configure bean to convert JSON to POJO and vice versa -->
    <beans:bean id="jsonMessageConverter"
        class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="xmlMessageConverter"
        class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter">
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="restTemplate" class="org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate">

    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="objectMapper" class="com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper" />
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.test" />

</beans:beans>

Json Input：

{
"id":2014,
"name":"test",
"graduationtime":"09/05/2014",
"courses":[
{
"courseName":"Math",
"score":150
},
{
"courseName":"Che",
"score":150
}
]
}

XML 输入：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<student>
<id>2014</id>
<name>test</name>
<graduationTime>09/05/2014</graduationTime>
<courses>
    <courseName>Math</courseName>
    <score>150</score>
</courses>
<courses>
    <courseName>Che</courseName>
    <score>150</score>
</courses>
</student>